Pre-School In Three Cultures by Joseph Tobin, David Wu Dana Davidson free essay sample

Critical review of ethnographic work on Japanese, Chinese Amer. preschool theories, methods, aims, values, role of govt. parents, discipline. Preschool in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the United States is an ethnographic study of the differences and commonalities among three societies with regard to preschool practices. As the authors state, their ethnographic study reveals as much about the reviewer/researchers as their research does about the children and their teachers; either way, Japanese, Chinese, and American culture are examined from political, cultural, sociological, psychological, and educational points of view. What emerges is literally a three dimensional video record (the authors videotape their subjects, and show the results to all three groups being studied) of preschool practices in three distinct cultures. A basic overview of the book will be given, as well as its basic strengths, and in closing, a recommendation to others regarding its use.

Ethnicity and Self

Ethnicity and Self With the advent of the social media and the increase of the information availability, as well as the rapid growth of the intercultural communication, the significance of cultural peculiarities has become surprisingly obvious. Because of the number of ethnicities involved into the intercultural relationships, the necessity to preserve the cultural; features has become as evident as the tendency for these features to merge into each other.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Ethnicity and Self-Representation in Social Media: When Cultures Merge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Analyzing the ways in which and the means with the help of which people manifest their ethnicities in the social media, one can comment on the tendencies in the intercultural communication and the changes which are currently happening to the ethnical specifics in the world media. Thus, the object of the given research is the way in which people re present their ethnicity in the social media, while the question is whether the ethnical features of various nationalities are preserved and can be traced easily in online communication or whether the interaction within any social media dulls the national features, making them merge into a single cosmopolitan style. In addition, the question whether any national stereotypes are enhanced or, on the contrary, blurred in the course of online communication, is worth researching. The paper is going to embrace five sources on the issue of ethnicity and its manifestation in the course of social interactions, both online and in reality. For the theoretical background, the work by Yong-Chan Kim, Joo-Young Jung and Sandra J. Ball-Rockeach is going to be used. Erin Kaufman and Deborah L. Welse’s paper will help to understand the mechanics of relating to a certain ethical group during the conversation, while Koen Lerus, Eva Midden and Sandra Ponzanesi’s work will help to understand the way in which several cultures fuse during the communication. With the help of Mainsah’s work, the problem of losing cultural features is going to be touched upon, while Maxwell and Buck will provide an accurate account of the issue history. As for the theoretical framework for the given research, the ideas offered by Yong-Chan Kim, Joo-Young Jung and Sandra J. Ball-Rockeach are going to be used as the basis for the paper. As the researchers claimed, they examine ethnicity in social media â€Å"as a dynamic and unique factor influencing individuals’ adoption and uses of communication technologies† (283), which presupposes a new prospect on the online social interactions.Advertising Looking for proposal on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To achieve the top results in the given research, the choice of the method is extremely essential. Taking into the account the fact that the paper is going to use statistics and identify the current state of affairs in the use of social media, the paper is going to be constructive and combine a quantitative and a qualitative approach. It is important to mention that the research is going to touch upon certain ethical issues. Since the paper is supposed to deal with the features of various nationalities, the subject of national stereotypes in the social media and the way in which these stereotypes are manifested is unavoidable. Thus, the ethical limitations are also expected. Admittedly, the given research has its limitations. Among the issues, the most obvious one is the subject of scale. Since it is impossible to encompass the entire number of nationalities and check every single instance of social interaction, the results of the research will be approximate. Due to the growing popularity of the social media and the increase of the online communication as opposed to the live conversation, the given research is going to offer rather significant results which are going to determine the course for the future development of the online interactions between different cultures and the way in which people are going to relate to their culture in online relationships. Once understanding the way in which online relationships differ from the real-life ones, people will be able to avoid a number of complexities and misunderstandings. Kaufman, Erin and Deborah L. Welse. â€Å"Skin-Tone Preferences and Self-Representation in Hispanic Children.† Early Child Development and Care, 182.2 (2012): 277-290. OnlineLibrary. Web. Kim, Yong-Chan, Joo-Young Jung and Sandra J. Ball-Rockeach. â€Å"Ethnicity, Place and Communication Technology: Effects of Ethnicity on Multi-Dimensional Internet Correctness.† Information technology and People, 20.3 (2007): 282-303. Emerald. Web.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Ethnicity and Self-Representation in Social Media: When Cultures Merge spe cifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lerus, Koen, Eva Midden and Sandra Ponzanesi. â€Å"Digital Multiculturalism in the Netherlands: Religious, Ethnic and Gender Positioning by Moroccan-Dutch Youth.† Religion and Gender, 2.1 (2012): 150-175. Religion and Gender. Web. Mainsah, Henry. â€Å"I could Well Have Said I Was Norwegian but Nobody Would Believe Me.† European Journal of Cultural Studies, 14.2 (2011): 179-193. SAGE. Web. Maxwell, Andrew H. and Pem Davidson Buck. â€Å"Decolonizing Media Representations of Race, Ethnicity, and Gender in the New World of Order.† Transforming Anthropology, 3.1 (1992): 1-5. Wiley Online Library. Web.

CASE ANAYLSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CASE ANAYLSIS - Essay Example The workers and American went through a strike in 1997. The second stage is perception of conflict where substantive or emotional differences are sensed. For American, this was in 1998 when the American union found that the management was placing more passengers on Canadian Airlines with which they had entered into an agreement under ‘OneWorld’ than was agreed upon with the union members and the pilots protested by stepping away from volunteering overtime hours. The third stage is described as situation where the need to act becomes paramount. For American, this was highlighted by the clash in 1999 where American integrated RenoAir without closing the deal with the union members. This led to a deliberate attempt by pilots to halt work as they called in sick and went on a strike lasting for ten days. This created a breeding ground for further agitation and dissatisfaction. The union claimed that the company was slowing down the integration process so that they could conti nue paying Renopilots at previous wages which were less than those paid to American pilots. The fourth stage is that of conflict resolution/suppression and the aftermath. This was manifest in the American case when the airline suffered huge losses from the strike and brought a suit in court. U.S. District Judge Joe Kendall of Dallas issued a temporary restraining order against the union and held two of its leaders in contempt for reinforcing the protest. Eventually, the strike ended and work was resumed. The direct conflict management techniques are embedded in the acts of assertiveness and cooperativeness. The former is the attempt to satisfy one’s own concerns by expressing while the latter is to satisfy the concerns of the other party. The example of the workers agreeing to labor concessions and overtimes during difficult times of low profits or acceding to

Film Citizen Kane Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film Citizen Kane - Essay Example To specify, the compositions in Citizen Kane have the frames that are split into fractions of light and darkness/shadow.   Apart from this, Welles successfully employs weird, exaggerated angles that make characters appear in a distorted way. This technique is illustrative of a typical noir movie syntax. In addition, low angle shots focus the attention on the protagonist’s physical stature, yet they contain frames that suggest restriction and confinement.   For example, Kane’s placing against low ceilings seems to diminish the character and contradict his prevailing personality (Citizen Kane). All in all, this technique helps to create a sense of claustrophobia through evident visual entrapment. This is known to be characteristic of noir thrillers as well. Last but not least, the sustained shots’ duration is also a feature of film noir genre successfully employed by Welles.In summary, Citizen Kane (1941) possesses a number of stylistic and technical elements o f noir films. Its fragmented structure, narrative labyrinths, sequences of flashbacks, the quest for some truth, the presence of mystery, and cynical view of power can be considered its noir stylistic aspects.   Technical noir elements include unusual angles, contrasts of light and shadow, shots of sustained duration,   and other techniques that help to create the sense of claustrophobia and entrapment characteristic of this genre.

The Nature of Communication Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Nature of Communication - Assignment Example However, that is not it, the interest factor plays a major role in the players’ desire to play and show up for practices. Moreover, I strongly believe that by playing and meeting up regularly, the team members become better friends. Sometimes when I have had a bad day I can vent out all my frustration during the game on the soccer field and after months of practice sessions together my fellow players understand that I need some space. I also feel that the sheer love for the game and having people around who share the interest and understand the game adds a lot more value to the activity group. If I think of our soccer team in the light of a system, I can safely say that it definitely exhibits the qualities of a system. The striker cannot strike a goal till the midfielder or wingers pass the ball to him, similarly the midfielders cannot do much if they are not adequately supported by the fullbacks and the forwards. The crux of the matter is that the members in a soccer team are highly interdependent on each other.

Fathers Rights in Childcare

Fathers Rights in Childcare In recent years the rights of Fathers has become a highly controversial issue. Groups such as father- 4-justice have embarked on hard-hitting campaigns that have attempted to expose discrimination within British Law and the judicial system against the rights of men to have access to their children after divorce. British law, it is argued, is both unequal in this regard and damaging to the welfare of children, fathers and families. In this essay I shall argue that British family law does indeed discriminate against fathers and that the law should be changed. The essay is divided into three main sections: (1) Cultural attitudes to fathers and fatherhood; (2) unequal treatment of fathers within British Family Law and the judicial system that upholds it; (3) the social and pyschological consequences of descrimination aagainst fathers and thus why/how the law should be changed. Cultural attitidues to fathers and fatherhood For centuries the dominant conception of the role of fathers was as the breadwinner who would provide for his wife and children. The role of women was to maintain the family home and care for the children. This division of roles was, and still is in some quarters, supported by natural law, scientific reason or religious belief. In other words, the traditional division of roles between men and women was either divinely ordained or it was simply the natural, biological order. Until recently, this division of roles enabled, in western societies, a patriarchal order. Men’s role enabled them to control the structures of power within society and thus the lmited rights of women. Family issues were largely a private matter and to a considerable extent beyond the jurisdiction of the law. Since the 1960’s however this patriarchal order has to a significant extent been diminished. The sexual liberation of women, the advancement of women in public life and secularisation has brought about a different set of cultural attitudes regarding the familial roles of men and women. However, this shift in cultural attitudes has not led to quite as much change in relation to the conception of the role of men. To be sure, it is now widely thought that men need not neccessarily be the main breadwinners and that they should carry out their fair share of household and child-caring duties. However, it is still widely believed, it would seem, that men are not as capable of caring for children as women are. For many women, it seems, the main function of men is as sexual partners and sperm donors. Once they have provided sperm, they are, for an increasing number of women, disposable. After all, women’s own increased financial security and the security provided by the state means that that they are not needed for financial support. As the following section attempts to demonstrate, this perception of the role of men is supported by the law. The unequal treatement of fathers in British Law Family Law: divorce Clearly, the point at which the rights of fathers becomes an issue is when marraiges or cohabitation breaks down. Given the unequal treatment of fathers that will be accounted for below, it is perhaps unsurprising that most requests for divorce are brought by women, some 80% in fact (Gross, 2004) It could be argued that the high rate of divorce has actually been encouraged by the ease with which it is now possible to obtain a divorce. The 1996 Family Law act introduced the no fault divorce (Oldham, 2004). This means that so long as one party believes that the ‘marraige is over’ the other party must accept that this is the case. Furthermore, the partner who requests divorce does not have to give any justification for the request for a divorce. To be sure, there is a provision for marraige counselling and mediation, which must have been exhuasted before divorce can be accepted (Oldham, 2004). However, there is very little power to enforce these measures and in any case onc e it has reached this stage it is unlikely that the marraige can be recovered. In theory, the no fault divorce is all well and good. Why should one partner be kept within a marraige that they are unhappy with. Surely, it cannot be good for the welfare of children if their parents do not get on with each other or if one partner is seriously unhappy. That said however, it could be argued that the ease with which it is possible to obtain a divorce has further diminished the rights of men. This is because, as will be further explained below, the rights of men to have access to their children, and in terms of the money they are expected to give over to their former wife, is descriminatory. More divorce means more marginalised men. Just as in the past when women were economically and culturally disadvantaged after divorce, so it is now the case for men except for somewhat differing reasons. Custody rights The 1996 Family Law act states that of paramount importance in allocating the custody rights of parents after divorce is the welfare of the children (Oldham, 2004). The problem is however that men and women are not considered equal in relation to their chances of ensuring the welfare of children. Indeed, neither parent actually has a right in law to see their own children but the resident parent i.e the women, is significantly advantaged. This is supported by the childrens act of 1989. This act carries no presumption whatsoever that the father should have rights to see his children (Oldham, 2004). All that is conferred by statute is that the father should not be prevented from having contact with his child ‘ at all and forever without some reason’. This means that if a mother seeks to prevent the father from having regular contact with his children she is almost certain to win, regardless. Furthermore, it means that the ‘contact’ can be variously defined fr om a minimum of supervised contact for an hour in a contact centre once a month. In fact the childrens act confers the rights of contact upon the children themselves. This means that if the child wishes to see the non-resident parent then his or her wish should be granted. On the other hand however, if the child does not wish to see the non-resident parent then contact will range from non-existent to minimal. Clearly this favours the resident parent because the resident parent is likely to be able to control the actions and wishes of the child. Family Courts The settlement of disputes regarding the allocation of contact rights through family courts leads to further descrimination against fathers. To begin with these courts meet in secret. Their delibarations are secret and thus so is the reasoning which led them to  arrive at a decision regarding the welfare of the children. The courts only need to refer to guidlines on the childs welfare, nothing else. And in almost every case this is bound to favour the resident parent, the mother (Gross, 2004). In cases where neither parent has been socially deviant, the mother can claim that the child is still not well looked after by the father when he is in custody of the children. Since the issue at hand is ‘how much contact should the father have given the welfare of the child’ and not ‘how is it possible to ensure an equitable, workable child caring arragement given the best interests of the child being contact with both parents’ then the burden is on the father to pr ove that he can care for the child adequately when in his care. This means that apparently minor concerns such as whether the child returns tired, emotionally upset or late can be raised against the father. It is not taken into account that these concerns can be an evryday normal occurence under the care of the mother. There is no wieghing up of interests between the fathers rights of contact, the legitimacy of the mothers view of the father and the childs interests. Rather, there is just an attempt to remove possible hinder ant’s to the childs welfare when considering applications for contact (Lockhart, 2001). In cases where there is no contact to begin with then it is unlikley that much further contact will be granted, because contact with the father is not recognised to be in the childs interests beyond those that have been explicitly expressed by the child. CAFCASS Family court judges follow the advice of Family Court Welfare Offices. These offices are responsible for the interpretation of the Children Act and Family Policy (Gross, 2004). They provide reports on the welfare of the children based on inspections, interviews with parents and the guidelines. The problem is that the training these officers recieve does not prepare them for judgement in individual cases. This means that judgement is more-or-less removed from the judicial process pertaining to the allocation of custody rights, because judges in family courts merely follow their recommendations. Most crucially the reports can also take into account claims by the mother that the father is violent or abusive towards his children. These claims are not tested through the proper judicial process and can simply remain as a slur on the  fathers character. Fathers rights groups claim that such claims should either be subject to criminal charges and thus trial in court or removed utterly. Wor se still, fathers do not have the rights and nor does anyone else, to question the Family Court Welfare Officer Enforcement In cases where the court has allocated the father a certain amount of contact time and when the mother has failed to meet the requirements there is also very little that can be done to enforce the order. Of course, if the non-resident parent fails to meet the requirements of the order then he could pay a heavy penalty. He could either have his contact entitlements completely removed or worse still fined, ordered to do community service or even imprisoned. There have been numerous cases where the father has been sent to prison for doing apparently harmless things such as sending presents on his childs birthday or waving to the child without gaining prior permission from the relevant authorities (Lockhart, 2001). On the other hand, when the fathers rights of contact have been denied then very little is or can be done because a rather narrow conception of the welfare of the child is the main consideration, which does not include the need for contact with both parents. Parental Alienation All of the procedures described above are subject to a condition called Parental Alienation (Hooper). This is when one parent, usuually the resident parent or mother in most cases, encourages the child to reject the non-resident parent. Clearly the resident parent has an advantage in this regard simply because she is with the child more often. According to the Stockholm Syndrome there is a psychological state whereby the captive takes on the beliefs and wishes of the captor and often wilfully and actively complies with them. In family court judgements and in the reports of family court welfare officers, parental alienation syndrome is hardly accounted for at all. This can not only be hurtful to the father it can also lead to the denial of his contact rights. The Child Support Agency The Child Support Agency is another instutution that enforces descrimination against fathers. In addition to Fathers being denied access to their children they are forced to pay in most cases around a third of their salary to the resident parent for the care of the child. At a superfical level the principle that non-resident parents should contribute financially to the upbringing of their children seems reasonable enough. However, when it is enforced in addition to a financial settelment after the divorce and a denial of the fathers rights to see his children it can be little short of barbaric, let alone unequal. Let’s deal with the unequal aspect first. The problem is that the agency seeks payement from the ‘absent parent’ which means fathers , universally, because fathers have been labelled as ‘absent’ parents regardless of any other circumstances. Worse still, in cases where the father earns a merely average income it can leave him with no possibil ity of obtaining another mortgage and limited chances of prusing another familial relationship. This situation can affect fathers who were neither in a married or cohabiting relationship with the mother and may only have known the mother for a short period of time. Since it is entirely the decision of the mother as to whether she has an abortion and at least half the responsibility of the mother to use contraception, this would appear both unfair and open to abuse. Why the law should be changes? The reasons provided above should already be ample evidence for why the law ought to changed. But the case is strengthened when we consider the consequences of descrimination against fathers. Depression The law offers no protection against fathers who have been denied access to their children, have had most of their assets taken away and who are forced to give over a third of their income. Indeed, the law promotes situations of this type. Therefore, many fathers drift into depression and even suicide. Consider an extreme but all to  probable scenario. After a divorce settlement brought about by continued acts of adultery, the mother decides that in order to guarantee her own best interests she lies to the welfare officer and the courts about the fathers violent and neglegant behaviour and encourages the child to do likewise. This accusation remains untried and untested but leads to the welfare officer producing an unfavourable report for the family court. Despite wanting to attempt to repair the marraige the father, who has already been forced to give up the family home and other assets, is ordered to remain out of contact with his children, who on the mothers instruction have exp ressed hatred towards him, and then asked to pay maintainence from his earnings for the childrens wlefare. He is then left alone, with only the means for basic self-substistence, without any contact with his children who he has been told do not want to see him anyway. The chances of surviving such a scenario without suffering severe depression would seem unlikely. Effects on children Whilst the welfare of the children is supposed to be of paramount concern to the law and the judges that implement it, the consequences for children of having limited contact with the father are rarely accounted for. Gone are the days when there was a widely accepted scientific consensus that deemed men naturally incapable of caring for children and when children were considered to be psychologically and emotionally dependent on the mother but not on the father. However, there remains relative silence about the effects on children as a result of fatherless families because it is considered offensive to one parent families, and to ethnic groups within which there is a propensity towards one-parent families. There is however, research that suggests that fathers have a positive impact on the lives and cognitive development of their children (Lockhart, 2001). Likewise there is also research that suggests that children with absent fathers are more likely to become socially deviant. Furthermore, the law offers little protection against children who are forced to remain in the care of unfit mothers who, despite their protestation that the father is neglegant or violent are unfit themselves to be the carer of the child. This is partly because the fathers views on this matter are not considered and it may only be the father who is  capable of forming them, since social care professionals are unlikely to have gained the level of access and knowledge needed to be able to make such a judgement. Are fathers rights human rights? Many campaigners on human rights have argued that the right of a father to have contact with his children should be considered a human right. If a human right is a right pertaining to the ability of a human being to live with basic human needs then surely the ability of fathers to have contact with children should be a human right. What could be more essential to a reasonable human existence than to have contact with and at least knowledge of ones children, for both parents. For most caring, responsible parents this is in fact more essential to a reasonable human existence than access to food or shelter. It is prior to all other needs and aspirations. Moreover, if there is any such thing as human rights then the right to regular contact with ones children should be the most fundamental of these rights. However, proclaiming the rights of fathers as human rights is possibly not the best way to attempt to establish such rights. Firstly, this is because, strategically, human rights declarations are often so vague and potentially contradictory that they can be overturned by the particular legal and political system that is supposed to protect them. One of the reasons for this is that it is notoriously difficult to prove, philosophically, what is a universal human right. Such a possibility is to a significant extent dependent upon the philosophical credibility of a conception of humaness, which will always be highly contested. Perhaps it would be better therefore to concentrate on conceptions of legal equality, citizenship and the good of society than proclaiming fathers rights as human rights. It would be better to argue that in a democratic society fathers should at the very least be given the right to defend their rights to have contact with their children in legitimate courts of law. Paths to the reform of family law and its implementation When considering the ways in which the unequal treament of men in British family  law it is best to first concentrate on the unexplored benifits of shared responsibility for children. Why not establish a default conception of the welfare of children which proposes that it is best for the childrenn, when no partner is socially deviant, for both parents to have an equal share of the responsibilities for the child’s care. The objection to this has been that it is too disruptive for the child, emotionally and in other practical respects, for the child to be regularly moving from one abode to another. But is this really the case? Clearly, very little research has been carried out on the potential effects of such an arrangement since it is hardly ever pursued. Another avenue for reform could be to radically improve the training of welfare officers. This would be a fairly simple and much less complicated measure that introducing a new family law. Welfare officers could at least be trained more specifically to detect the existence of parental alienation. To be sure this is not just a matter of training it would also involve putting the issue on the welfare checklist. Additionally, allegations of domestic violence and neglect ought to be removed from consideration unless they are proven. Some would argue that certain cases of domestic violence are hard to prove in court which would make children more vulnerable. But at least the burden of proof in respect to the suitability of fathers to care for children should be much tougher than it is at present. These would be piecemeal advances, but if the law is to truly treat men and women equally there needs to be a wholly new act. Such an act would not just be introduced to protect the rights of fathers, but to better protect the institution of the family and the welfare of children. Conclusion In conclusion we can say that for several reasons British family law unfairly descriminates against fathers. Firstly, there is no provision for the rights of fathers in family law in case or statute law. Secondly, the non-resident parents access to the child is dependent upon the consent of the child, which is bound to favour the resident parent, especially if there is implacable hostility between the two parents. Thirdly, the  judicial system that upholds family law also, institutionally, descriminates against men. This is because deliberation is made in secret and family welfare officers cannot be questioned, which simply maintains inequality within the law because it precludes the fathers point of view. For these reasons, and because the alienation of fathers can lead to depression and unfavourable effects on the children, the law should indeed be changed. Bibliography Robert C Lockhart Fathers Have Rights Too, Writers Club Press 2001 C A Hooper Do Families Need Fathers James T Gross Fathers Rights: A legal guide to protecting the best interests of your children. Sphinx 2004 Mike Oldham Statutes on Family Law, Oxford University Press 2004 www.fathers-4-justice.org

Competency Goal Essay

Functional Area #1 – Safe: In order to provide a safe environment and teach children safe practices to prevent and reduce injuries I do the following: †¢I always do my classroom counts every 30 minutes, or more often when necessary, to make sure that my head count matches the actual number of children in my classroom. †¢Our centers are set up to reduce open floor space and the opportunity to run freely indoors †¢I check all toys and equipment for broken or missing parts often to ensure they remain safe for use and play. †¢I ensure that all chemicals and cleaning supplies are put away out of the reach of children or stored in locked cabinets to prevent injury or poisoning. †¢I keep my emergency routes posted and easily visible and my emergency contacts are always with me in a binder and easily accessible. †¢I am trained in emergency evacuation procedures and plans to remove all children from the classroom and/or building in the event of a tornado or fire †¢I am certified in First Aid, CPR, and Pediatric First Aid which makes me knowledgeable of caring for accidents or injuries. Functional Area #2 – Healthy: In order to provide an environment that promotes health and prevents illness, and teaches children about good nutrition and practices that promote Wellness, I do the following: †¢Cleaning and sanitizing classroom items, including future & toys, a task done multiple times a day. I sanitize all toys immediately after being put into a child’s mouth, to prevent the spread of germs. †¢ I wash my hands & wear gloves before & after handling food, helping with toileting, cleaning noses to prevent germs from being spread. †¢ I follow the center’s policies for sick children to prevent other illnesses in the classroom. †¢We also serve Healthy Balanced meals breakfast, lunch & snack. Functional Area #3 – Learning Environment: In order to use relationships, the physical space, materials, daily schedule, and routines to create a secure, interesting, and enjoyable environment that promotes engagement, play exploration, and learning of all children including children with disabilities and special needs, I do the following: †¢I have made sure that all Centers are laid out to help Children better benefit in learning. By putting the quite, busy & messy centers together. †¢We also have an ABC carpet that’s just for group time. Limit 10 to 15mins †¢I have put out many different learning activities for each center. Reading has lots of books, writing has name cards & letter strips, Dramatic Play & table toys has theme related items. Blocks have cars, animals, dollhouse & furniture. Science has Theme related items & Art I put out different things weekly to keep the Creativity going. †¢Also during the day we have group time twice, free time, small groups twice, outdoor play twice when weather permits & nap.

Crimes Essay

Aside from the identified purpose of the Uniform Crime Report (UCR), it is formulated in such a way that it classifies the types of crimes under two categories: Part I and Part II. The facts and data of the UCR under Part I is more extensive in terms of the scope of the information in the report when compared to Part II. The facts and data in Part I include other necessary information such as profile of the criminal. In Part II, the rate of arrests for specific crimes are only present in the UCR. Part I crimes are closely monitored by law enforcement because crimes categorized under Part I are violent crimes and crimes against property. Categorizing crimes under two parts, I and II, determines the gravity or the impact of crimes to the public. Part I crimes are more grave, considering that crimes under Part I include rape, robbery, burglary, larceny, arson, etc. These are potentially serious crimes that law enforcement should prioritize in order to uphold peace and order to society. Part II offenses are less serious including crimes such as vandalism, fraud, drug abuse violations, etc. In some instances, law enforcement implements measures that seem to increase the statistics of crime occurrences. However, when we look deeper into the matter, we realize that the increase in crime statistics contribute to the improvement of society. In such instances, positive results from increased crime statistics are observable in Part II crimes. Increasing crime statistics catch the attention of the public, alarming them to be vigilant about their surroundings in order to prevent criminal offenses from taking place. For instance, reports reveal to the public that there is an increase in the number of reported stolen property crimes in the community. This raises the awareness of the people, and since it is a non-violent crime, they are willing to get involved with crime prevention. People decide to engage in neighborhood watch, community policing, and other law enforcement activities that will assist official law enforcement agencies in preventing crime, affording them enough time and manpower to focus on grave crimes categorized under Part I. Offenses such as prostitution and drug abuse violations motivate people in the community to get involved with discovering or reporting violators to law enforcement agencies. Another advantage of reporting increase in crime rates is to empower people to get involved with crime prevention. Offenses against family and children, for instance, have increased. Law enforcement will interpret the statistic in such a way that it expresses the increase in the number of people who reported criminal offenses, and further continue that the increase in the number of people who report criminal violations to the police helps law enforcement in crime prevention. The police might convince the people to report criminal violations because it is one way for law enforcement agencies to know criminal trends and analyze these trends to come up with plans and resolutions to prevent crime.

Pentium Flaw Essay Example

Pentium Flaw Essay Example Pentium Flaw Paper Pentium Flaw Paper NTI 1 10: Computer Structure and Logic ITT Technical Institute 10/20/2013 The Pentium Flaw a divisional error was discovered in the summer of 1994. The flaw was discovered by Intel. Intel decided that their chips did not need to be recalled since the chance of the average user discovering the error was less than 1 in 9 billion. Thomas Nicely a mathematics professor at Lynchburg College in Lynchburg VA made error public when he sent an e-mail to several colleagues. Nicely was using several computers to compute mathematical problems to prove they had enough power to do so. I believe Intel did not handle the problem correctly at all. Intel knowing that there was a flaw in the chip still sent out a defective product. Regardless of who might come across the flaw or error Intel should have recalled the chip immediately to have them replaced. Intel deciding to send out the flawed processor has probably helped the company as well. Before the flaw not many people even knew who or what Intel was. Intel after months of research and help from outside professionals decided to recall the chip and have them replaced. Nicely said he had run more than one quadrillion calculations on a revised chip and could ot reproduce the error. If a similar flaw like this were to happen today Im not exactly sure what would happen. One thing Im sure of is word of any flaw or error would spread like wild fire. The old rule of thumb is 1 tells 10, well now its more like 1 tells 10,000. I believe that if a similar situation were to occur it would be handled quickly and promptly. Im sure Intel has new policies in place to handle situations like this and other companies would learned from Intels mistake. Reference Markoff, J. (1994, November 24). New York Times. Retrieved October 20, 2013, from

Betrayal Loyalty

Betrayal Loyalty Introduction On December 7, 1941, American military men at United States naval base at Pearl of Harbor in Hawaii woke to a crude shock; the Japanese army had attacked them, something that invited the United States of America into World War II. Following this attack, the United States of America in retaliation, placed all Japanese Americans in internment camps popularly known as ‘War Relocation Camps.’Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Betrayal Loyalty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, the aftermath of this exercise presented one big irony of all the time; loyalty and betrayal co-existed and it was even difficult to differentiate between the two. Whilst the Japanese Americans remained loyal to the U.S. government, this government resorted to betrayal, assigning each family a number, which was used as surnames for the Japanese Americans in these camps among other ‘injustices’, only to incorporate them in military later on. Loyalty and Betrayal The Japanese Americans in the internment camps remained loyal to the U.S authorities albeit the harrowing experiences they went through in the camps. For instance, they lived in, â€Å"un-partitioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations† (Myer 1). The first act of loyalty came with the surrender of Japanese Americans to authorities. After President Roosevelt signed the Executive Order 9066, posters saying â€Å"All Japanese persons, both alien and non-alien, will be evacuated from the above designated areas by 12:00 oclock noon Tuesday, April 7, 1942†¦report for internment with bedrolls and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Weber 16). Being loyal to the authorities, the Japanese Americans responded to this order and reported at the said time. There is no one recorded time when the Japanese Americans became disloyal to the U.S. authorities save for some peaceful demonstrations; how ever, these were also allowed in the constitution; therefore, it was not an act of disloyalty. Japanese Americans submitted to denounce their religion, salute the U.S flag, and sing loyal songs; all in loyalty. Moreover, they swore allegiance to â€Å"one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all† (Weglyn 56). In loyalty, the Japanese Americans in these camps submitted to authorities and respected the constitution. This was ‘high-class’ loyalty; something that they carried on to World War II. In 1943, the U.S authorities gave some Japanese America prisoners chance to serve in the military on voluntary basis. â€Å"The War Department is offering you a chance to volunteer and to distinguish yourselves as Japanese-American citizens in the service of your country† (Sone 218). According to Broek, Barnhart, and Matson, one of the distinguished loyal Japanese American regiment was â€Å"the 442nd Regimental Combat Team† (98).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This team went on to become the most adorned combat regiment of the time and it served in the war across Europe. This echoes the loyalty that the Japanese Americans portrayed in the internment camps as prisoners. As part honoring them, the U.S authorities branded the 442nd regiment as, â€Å"the most highly decorated unit of its size and length of service in the history of the U.S. Army, including 21 Medal of Honor recipients† (Broek, Barnhart Matson 102). If it were not for patriotism, what else could motivate these ex-prisoners to defend a country that had subjected them to untold sufferings? The act of these ex-prisoners defended the U.S during World War II is an extension of loyalty practiced in the internment camps earlier on. Unfortunately, the U.S did not recognize this loyalty and they mistreated the Japanese Americans inside and outside the inter nment camps. As aforementioned, the white people mistreated the Japanese Americans before and after the way amounting to betrayal. Immediately after the attack at Pearl of Harbor, President Roosevelt, acting under pressure from the white people, signed Executive Order 9066. This meant that all the Japanese Americans were to be placed in internment camps. According to Weber, the rounding up exercise involved, â€Å"freezing of bank accounts; seizure of contraband; drastic limitation on travel, curfew, and other severely restrictive measures† (20). Moreover, the conditions in the camps were squalid with, â€Å"un-partitioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations† (Myer 1). As aforementioned, each family was given â€Å"Tags to be attached to each piece of baggage, and one to hang from our coat lapels. From then on, we were known as Family # 10710† (Sone 35). This was part of mistreatments and many people went though unt old sufferings as betrayal took the centre stage after the war. This betrayal was uncalled. It beats logic why a government for people by people would turn against its citizens. Moreover, the betrayal was at both state and citizen level. Betrayal was not only a task of the authorities but also the U.S citizens. After the war, the authorities started releasing Japanese Americans back to their homes. Unfortunately, their reception was cold and unwelcoming. For instance, Elsie Robinson, a newspaper columnist vowed to, â€Å"cut the throat of any evacuee who dared return† (Myer 23). On another account, Clair Eagle, the U.S representative in California made it clear that, â€Å"We dont want those Japs back in California and the more we can get rid of the better† (Myer 23). This was utter betrayal. Even after the loyalty that the Japanese Americans showed towards the constitution, authorities and the whites in general, people were not convinced that these ‘ex-prisoners ’ were people or rather human beings just like them. Sone posits that, after the war, â€Å"the West Coast was still off-limits, but we had access to the rest of the continent where we could start all over again† (111).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Betrayal Loyalty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This shows that even though these Japanese Americans had proved their loyalty, the minds of many whites still held hatred and betrayal. The authorities had not accepted fully that these were loyal citizens and this explains the presence of no-go zones. Betrayal from the U.S side coupled with loyalty of the Japanese Americas, presented irony of all time as aforementioned. It is ironical that the U.S branded the Japanese Americans, â€Å"enemies’ only to allow them to be part of military and other governmental and societal structures. The U.S. authorities put the Japanese Americans into internment c amps as ‘enemies.’ Ironically, they incorporated the same enemies into the military to fight in the World War II. Moreover, they were allowed to enroll in schools and participate in any other national activity. What can explain such an intriguing incidence? Based on these events, it is apparent that the presence of the internment camps was illegal and unjustifiable in the first place. There is no way an enemy can become a close ally in such a short time. President Roosevelt acted under pressure to sign the Executive Order 9066. The truth will always stand and the Japanese Americans proved this very well. By remaining loyal to the constitution and submissive to the authorities, they went on to become the most distinguished regiment in the World War II. The fact is America’s betrayal of Japanese Americans coupled with the loyalty the latter showed the former, which resulted into incorporation of Japanese Americans into the U.S military, is one big irony. Conclusion After the Pearl of Harbor attack, the U.S retaliated swiftly, rounding most of the Japanese Americans living across the United States of America and sending them to internment camps. Conditions in these camps were squalid; however, the U.S reconsidered her decision and released these prisoners back to their homes after proving their loyalty. Some were incorporated in the army and other national institutions, the irony surrounding this loyal-betrayal saga between the Japanese Americans and the U.S authorities. Broek, Jacobus, Barnhart, Edward Matson, Floyd. â€Å"Prejudice, War and the Constitution.† California; University of California Press, 1968. Myer, Dillon. â€Å"Work of the War Relocation Authority, An Anniversary Statement.† The Harry S. Truman Library Museum, 1947. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sone, Monica. â€Å"Nisei Daughter.† Washington; The University of Washington Press, 1979. Weber, Mark. â€Å"The Japan Camps in California.† The Journal of Historical Review, 1980. 2(1); 16-30. Weglyn, Michi. â€Å"Years of Infamy; The Untold Story of Americas Concentration Camps. New York, 1976.

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Managing Staff Nurses - Assignment Example I as a manager of this unit have to facilitate a professional environment with a physically and mentally comfortable working conditions for the employees In order to ensure this some key objectives have to be achieved which are: 1 An objective analysis of the given working conditions 2 Understanding my employees, in this case, my staff nurses 3 The responsibilities delegated to them viz a viz their seniority and capabilities. So to begin with the working conditions of the unit has to be explored in order to establish its favorability for the household show a little care free attitude towards work. This is just an assumption based on general observation and is therefore not a verdict. All this need an objective analysis based on realities on the ground. Moreover, the injustice in delegation of work responsibilities bears a great significance in establishing the output of a staff member. Therefore, I will ensure a fair dealing with all staff nurses in this regard. Apart from this, it is also important to lay out a plan, in case a problem arises between two or more staff members. This requires an effective code of conduct to be written in order to contain such issues from happening and guarantee a peaceful atmosphere in the unit. The code of conduct constitutes a list of behavior patterns in terms of the dos and don’ts to be strictly observed. It will include: 1 be honest 2 be friendly 3 show professional approach 4 Respect each other’s dignity and space. 5 Mind one’s own business ... So to begin with the working conditions of the unit has to be explored in order to establish its favorability for the household show a little care free attitude towards work. This is just an assumption based to general observation and is therefore not a verdict. All this need an objective analysis based on realities on ground. Moreover, the injustice in delegation of work responsibilities bears a great significance in establishing the output of a staff member. Therefore, I will ensure a fair dealing with all staff nurses in this regard. Apart from this, it is also important to lay out a plan, in case a problem arises between two or more staff members. This requires an effective code of conduct to be written in order to contain such issues from happening and guarantee a peaceful atmosphere in the unit. The code of conduct constitutes a list of behavior patterns in terms of the dos and don'ts to be strictly observed. It will include: 1 be honest 2 be friendly 3 show professional approach 4 Respect each other's dignity and space. 5 Mind one's own business The Don'ts include 1 don't be irritable 2 don't be careless 3 don't back bite 4 don't be a gossip monger If one or more of the staff members found violating any of these, they will either be warned and next time a recurrence of such behavior will cost them a heavy penalty or even their job depending on the severity of the matter. However, sometimes a problem occurs which has nothing to do with a code of conduct; instead it happens between two staff members which require the manager to intervene and resolve the issue to both party's satisfaction. This requires an effective problem solving strategy. In this regard I have read different material on issue resolving skills, one of which is

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